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Upright pianos can be expensive due to a variety of factors. First, the materials used to construct the piano, such as the wood for the cabinet and the iron for the frame, can be costly. High-quality materials are often used to ensure the best sound and durability. Second, the craftsmanship involved in building a piano is highly specialized and takes years of training. This expertise and time contribute to the final cost. Third, the production process is time-consuming, with each instrument being carefully assembled and tuned by hand. Finally, after the piano is built, it must be shipped and delivered, which can also add to the cost.