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1. Dynamic Microphones: These microphones are commonly used in live performances and can handle high sound pressure levels. They have a relatively simple design and are typically more affordable than other types. They do not require a power source.

2. Condenser Microphones: These microphones are more sensitive and provide higher sound quality. They require a power source, either from a battery or through phantom power from a mixer or audio interface. They are often used in studios for recording vocals and instruments.

3. Ribbon Microphones: These microphones have a very smooth and warm sound. They are fragile and should not be used with high sound pressure levels. They have a figure-eight polar pattern, picking up sound from the front and back, and rejecting sound from the sides.

4. Shotgun Microphones: These microphones have a very narrow and directional pickup pattern. They are often used in film production to